Childhood Tuberculosis in Sub-saharan Africa

doi:10.15344/2455-2364/2018/138

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International Journal of Pediatrics & Neonatal Care Volume 4 (2018), Article ID 4:IJPNC-138, 5 pages
https://doi.org/10.15344/2455-2364/2018/138

Research Article

Childhood Tuberculosis in Sub-saharan Africa

SA Kissou^1,2,*, JDC Millogo², Z Nikiema^1,3, E Birba^1,4, R Cessouma^1,2 B Sanogo², PWH Dakouré^1,5 and B Nacro²

¹Higher Institute of Health Sciences (INSSA), Nazi Boni University (UNB) of Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
²Department of Pediatrics, Souro Sanou University Hospital Center(CHUSS), Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
³Medical Imaging department, Souro Sanou University Hospital Center(CHUSS), Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
⁴Pneumology/ptysiologydepartment, Souro Sanou University Hospital Center(CHUSS), Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
⁵Orthopedic and trauma surgery department, Souro Sanou University Hospital Center(CHUSS), Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso

Corresponding Author Details: Dr. SA Kissou, Higher Institute of Health Sciences (INSSA); Nazi Boni University (UNB) of Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso; Tel: + 226 70 24 76 34; E-mail: aimekissou@yahoo.fr

Received: 23 April 2018; Accepted: 04 June 2018; Published: 06 June 2018

Citation: Kissou SA, Millogo JDC, Nikiema Z, Birba E, Cessouma R, et al. (2018) Childhood Tuberculosis in Sub-saharan Africa. Int J Pediatr Neonat Care 4: 138. doi: https://doi.org/10.15344/2455-2364/2018/138

Copyright: © 2018 Kissou et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Abstract

Objective: Tuberculosis remains a public health problem in Burkina Faso and sub-Saharan Africa.The purpose of this study was to describe epidemiological, clinical and para-clinical aspects of childhood tuberculosis in sub-saharan hospital settings.
Methods: It was a cross-sectional study of new cases of tuberculosis diagnosed between 1st January 2016 and 31st December 2016 in the pediatric department of Bobo-Dioulasso University Hospital (Burkina Faso).
Results: The study included twenty eight (28) children with an average age of 8.3 years. The main part of patients (60.7%) came from socio-economic disadvantaged backgrounds. BCG immunization coverage was 92.9%; a contagion history was found in 42.9% of cases. Malnutrition was present in 82.1% and the combination HIV / tuberculosis were 17.8%. Pulmonary tuberculosis was the most frequent clinical form (50%). Sputum was positive in 2 children. Nodes location (35.7%) was the main extrapulmonary form.
Conclusions: Pulmonary tuberculosis in children is common in sub-saharan Africa. National free care processing policy is welcome but a strengthening of diagnostic capacity will allow an optimal management of the child life infection.

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