Profile
International Journal of Pediatrics & Neonatal Care Volume 2 (2016), Article ID 1:IJPNC-118, 4 pages
https://doi.org/10.15344/2455-2364/2016/118
Review Article
Non-invasive Ventilation in Preterm Infants: A Clinical Review

Friedrich Reiterer1* and Richard A. Polin2

1Clinical Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescence Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 30, 8036 Graz, Austria
2College of Physician and Surgeons, Columbia University, Morgan Stanley Children´s Hospital of New-Presbyterian, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, USA
Prof. Friedrich Reiterer, Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescence Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 30, 8036 Graz, Austria; E-mail: friedrich.reiterer@medunigraz.at
15 November 2016; 14 December 2016; 16 December 2016
Reiterer F, Polin RA (2016) Non-invasive Ventilation in Preterm Infants: A Clinical Review. Int J Pediatr Neonat Care 2: 118. doi: https://doi.org/10.15344/2455-2364/2016/118

Abstract

Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) has gained increased popularity in the neonatal intensive care unit, because it is less likely to cause the short and long-term pulmonary complications associated with invasive mechanical ventilation. There are now number of NIV strategies available for the routine respiratory care of preterm infants including nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP), nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV), nasal high frequency oscillatory ventilation (NHFO) and high flow nasal cannula (HFNC). These strategies are often used in combination with less invasive surfactant administration (LISA) and methylxanthines to augment respiratory drive. This review describes these various modes of NIV evaluating their impact on neonatal mortality and morbidity in preterm infants.