| Author of Study | Study location and type | Practitioner type | Source of results |
| White et al. 2001 [72] | UK/Prospective study | Physicians, physical therapists | Practitioner |
| MacPherson et al. [12] | UK/Prospective study | Acupuncturists | Practitioner |
| Ernst E et al. 2001 [73] | Europe and Far East/Prospective study review | Medical physicians, acupuncturists | Practitioner or patient |
| Witt et al. 2001 [20] | Germany/Prospective study | Medical physicians | Patients |
| Lao L et al. 2003 [38] | UK/Review of Case reports 1965-1999 | All included (physician, chiropractors, acupuncturists, osteopaths) | Published case reports |
| Melchart et al. 2004 [74] | Germany/Prospective study | Medical physicians | Practitioner |
| White et al. 2006 [13] | UK/Prospective study | Medical physicians/physical therapists/acupuncturists | Practitioners |
| Ernst E et al. 2011 [75] | International/Systematic review of clinical research and case reports between 2000-2009 | Acupuncturists | Published systematic reviews and case research |
| Xu et al. 2013 [48] | International/Review of Case Reports 2000-2011 | Acupuncturists/physical therapists/physicians/ Unspecified | Published case reports |
| Brady et al. 2014 [17] | Ireland | Physical Therapists | Practitioners |
| McDowell JM et al. 2014 [23] | New Zealand/Cross-sectional descriptive study | Physical Therapists | Practitioners |