Table 1: Characteristics of patients and orthosis on admission.
KAFO, Knee-ankle-foot orthosis; AFO, ankle-foot orthosis; SAH, subarachnoid hemorrhage; MMSE, Mini-mental state examination; BRS, Brunnstrom stage; FIM, functional independence measure, FAC, Functional ambulation classification.
| I. No orthosis N=626 | II. AFO N=194 | III. KAFO N=220 | P value | Steel‒Dwass test P < .05 |
| Age years old | 69 (13-94) | 64 (12-90) | 66.5 (30-92) | .0002 | I versus II |
| Gender male/female | 378 / 248 | 132 /62 | 139 /81 | .1476 | |
| Etiology hemorrhage/infarction/ SAH | 214/333/79 | 79/106/9 | 109/100/11 | <.0001 | |
| Lesion side right/left/both | 260/270/96 | 79/106/9 | 98/107/15 | .0008 | |
| Infratentorial lesion, N | 130 (20.8) | 32 (16.5) | 17 (7.7) | <.0001 | |
| Duration from the onset days | 31 (7-220) | 29.5 (10-124) | 32.5 (10-167) | .1957 | |
| MMSE (/30) on admission | 25 (0-30) | 26 (0-30) | 21 (0-30) | <.0001 | I, II versus II |
| Neglect on admission, N | 153 (24.4) | 59 (30.4) | 132 (60.0) | <.0001 | |
| Aphasia on admission, N | 213(34.0) | 70 (35.1) | 111 (50.5) | <.0001 | |
| BRS on admission (I/II/III/IV/V/VI-) | 27/15/21/46/249/268 | 16/36/45/52/26/19 | 85/65/34/24/12/0 | <.0001 | |
| FIM score on admission/126 | 76(18-126) | 61(18-117) | 36 (18-114) | <.0001 | I versus II, III II versus III |
| FIM score at discharge/126 | 104(18-126) | 99 (18-126) | 64 (18-126) | <.0001 | I versus III II versus III |
| Length of stay days | 47(2-298) | 78 (5-181) | 104 (3-190) | <.0001 | I versus II, III II versus III |
| FIM gain | 16 (-25-85) | 29 (-1-89) | 23 (-20-86) | <.0001 | I versus II, III II versus III |
| FIM efficiency | 0.34 (-0.76-3) | 0.40 (-0.02-1.16) | 0.27 (-0.27-1.07) | <.0001 | I versus III II versus III |
| FAC >=4, N | 436 (66.7) | 129 (66.5) | 95 (43.2) | <.0001 | |
| Return home, N | 499 (79.7) | 162 (83.5) | 136 (61.8) | .0002 | |