Table 2: The baseline characteristics of patients who had recurrent stroke and those who had no recurrent stoke in VKA group and NOACs group.
VKA: vitamin K antagonists, warfarin, NOACs:non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants, CKD: chronic kidney disease, PT-INR: prothrombin time-international normalized ratio, rt-PA: recombinant tissue plasminogen activator, NIHSS: National Institute of Health Stroke Scale, mRS: modified Rankin Scale.
| Recurrent case with anticoagulant | | No recurrent case with anticoagulant | | Recurrent vs no recurrent |
VKA | NOACs | VKA | NOACs | VKA | NOACs |
n = 7 | n = 10 | P value | n = 20 | n = 47 | P value | P value | P value |
Basic characteristics |
Age(y) | 82.4 | 78.6 | 0.41 | 80.7 | 79.8 | 0.79 | 0.43 | 0.56 |
Male gender (%) | 3(42.9) | 5(50.0) | 0.77 | 12(60.0) | 22(48.8) | 0.32 | 0.43 | 0.85 |
Body weight (kg) | 43.4 | 58.2 | <0.01 | 57.4 | 53.4 | 0.23 | <0.01 | 0.23 |
Type of atrial fibrillation(chronic/paroxysmal) | 7(100%)/0(0%) | 8(80%)/2(20%) | 0.21 | 17(85.0%)/3(15.0%) | 26(55.3%)/21(44.7%) | <0.05 | 0.27 | 0.14 |
Risk stratification |
CHADS2 score | 4.9 | 4.3 | 0.28 | 4.7 | 3.9 | <0.05 | 0.78 | 0.57 |
CHA2DS2-VASc score | 6.7 | 5.4 | 0.05 | 5.9 | 5.1 | <0.05 | 0.08 | 0.50 |
HAS-BLED score | 4.0 | 3.2 | <0.05 | 3.4 | 3.0 | 0.24 | 0.11 | 0.46 |
Hypertension (%) | 7(100) | 10(100) | 0.99 | 16(80.0) | 40(85.1) | 0.61 | 0.19 | 0.19 |
Diabetes mellitus (%) | 2(28.6) | 1(10.0) | 0.32 | 5(33.3) | 10(21.3) | 0.74 | 0.85 | 0.41 |
Dyslipidemia (%) | 2(28.6) | 4(40.0) | 0.62 | 7(35.0) | 14(29.8) | 0.67 | 0.75 | 0.53 |
CKD (%) | 7(100) | 2(20.0) | <0.01 | 10(50.0) | 10(21.3) | <0.05 | <0.05 | 0.92 |
Concurrent antiplatelet | 0(0) | 2(20.0) | 0.21 | 3(15.0) | 11(23.4) | 0.44 | 0.27 | 0.81 |
Blood chemistry |
PT-INR on admission | 1.50 | 1.09 | <0.01 | 1.36 | 1.05 | <0.0001 | 0.29 | 0.19 |
D-dimer (μg/ml) | 1.43 | 3.69 | 0.41 | 3.09 | 2.35 | 0.42 | 0.30 | <0.05 |
Ccr (mL/min) | 39.3 | 79.7 | <0.01 | 56.5 | 61.2 | 0.45 | 0.07 | 0.06 |
BNP (pg/ml) | 250.4 | 235.2 | 0.20 | 362.9 | 231.0 | <0.05 | 0.39 | 0.91 |
Treatment |
rt-PA thrombolysis (%) | 0(0) | 0(0) | 0.99 | 2(10.0) | 4(8.5) | 0.84 | 0.38 | 0.34 |
Outcomes |
Period of hospitalization (days) | 40.1 | 15.4 | <0.05 | 20.8 | 22.4 | 0.61 | 0.07 | 0.10 |
NIHSS on admission | 11.7 | 7.1 | 0.09 | 9.9 | 6.9 | <0.05 | 0.58 | 0.87 |
NIHSS on discharge | 7.8 | 3.4 | 0.05 | 7.8 | 5.4 | 0.09 | 0.69 | 0.85 |
Improvement in NIHSS | -3.8 | -3.7 | 0.99 | -2.1 | -1.6 | 0.38 | 0.74 | 0.32 |
mRS on discharge | 3.7 | 1.7 | <0.05 | 2.9 | 3.3 | 0.20 | 0.69 | 0.37 |
Tube feeding | 5(71.4) | 1(10.0) | <0.01 | 9(33.3) | 9(33.3) | 0.45 | <0.05 | 0.80 |
Recurrent stroke volume (cm3) | 27.42(24.95) | 3.37(5.25) | <0.01 | | | | | |