Table 3: Effect of spent hop extract on body weight changes in healthy (non-diabetic) rats and STZ-induced diabetic rats. Data are given as mean ± SD, n=9-20 animals.
a Statistical significance vs. non-diabetic rats, estimated with ANOVA for repeated measures or Friedman’s test (depending on the conforming of assumptions) and the post-hoc multiple comparisons tests; P< 0.05.
b Statistical significance vs. non-diabetic rats, estimated with ANOVA for repeated measures or Friedman’s test (depending on the conforming of assumptions) and the post-hoc multiple comparisons tests; P< 0.01.
c Statistical significance vs. non-diabetic rats, estimated with ANOVA for repeated measures or Friedman’s test (depending on the conforming of assumptions) and the post-hoc multiple comparisons tests; P< 0.001.
For more experimental and statistical details see ‘Materials and methods’.
Week 0 Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Week 4 Week 6 Week 8 Week 10 Week 12 Week 14 Week 16 Week 18 Week 20 Week 22
non-diabetic rats n=20 271±34 272±35 276±23 282±37 287±39 290±60 297±33 304±44 310±38 336±41 347±18 357±50 367±53 370±48
STZ-diabetic rats n=9-18 306±35 278±36 269±36 261±40 253±37b 253±42a 253±48b 259±54b 260±58b 255±56b 243±71c 229±88c 243±87b 251±84c
STZ-diabetic rats with extract n=9-18 286±36 254±28 248±27b 240±28c 235±27c 225±29c 228±29c 225±35c 229±38c 209±41c 203±49c 191±36c 200±37c 213±42c