Table 1: Modes and settings of non-invasive pressure assist for preterm infants.
*Preferred mode of NCPAP/NIPPV and setttings in our NICU-Graz (PEEP 5 cm H2O, PIP 8-12 mbar, Frequency (Frq) 20-40/min, inspiration time (Ti) 0,4-0,6 sec
Mode Type of pressure assist PEEP-Generation Settings Flow L/min PEEP mbar PIP mbar Freq/min Ti sec
A.NCPAP single continuous 6-8
pressure (PEEP) 		6-8 4-6 (8)
Ventilator derived expiratory valve
Infant Flow driver* kinetic energy of flow (flow generator)
Bubble CPA Distal expiratory
tubing placed in water		 5-10
B.NIPPV 2 pressure levels
(PEEP + PIP)		 variable, dependingon device, strategy
NSNIPPV
SNIPPV		 not synchronized
synchronized		 mimick CMV/SIMV
N-BiPAP
DUOPAP*		 synchronized or not
not synchronized		 use of lower PIP and Frq and longer Ti ,allows
spontaneous breathing on 2 CPAP-levels
NHFOV Pressure oscillations mimicks HFOV
C. HFNC flow dependent PEEP > 2L/ min,no pressure control