Table 2: Participants’ characteristics.
| | n | % | | | n | % |
Gender | Males | 5 | 10 | Qualification | Nurses | | |
Females | | | Public health nurse | 6 | 13 |
Department | medical wards | 19 | 40 | midwife | 3 | 6 |
surgical wards | 16 | 33 | | | |
outpatient department | 2 | 4 | Work formats | Day shift | 10 | 21 |
Operating room | 5 | 10 | Day shift and duty | 4 | 8 |
Intensive care units | 2 | 4 | 3 shifts | 15 | 31 |
Pediatrics | 4 | 8 | 2 shifts | 16 | 33 |
Educational background | Vocational school | 34 | 71 | Night shift | 3 | 6 |
Junior college | 3 | 6 | The experience of preceptorship (guidance for newcomers) | | | |
University | 8 | 17 | Yes | 33 | 69 |
Graduate School | 1 | 2 | None | 15 | 31 |
Advanced course | 2 | 4 | | | |