| Category | Subcategory |
| Adjusting the parent–child relationship associated with care | Promoting the independence of parents Being the spokesperson for the patient Making the family recognize that the patient has the leading role |
| Linking the relationship with patients | Linking the relationship with normal conversation: escape from medical care Dealing with the emotional expression of patients Speculating the emotions behind the words and actions |
| Being involved with the patient’s own perspective | Leaving the treatment responsibility to the patient Minimizing the provision of support to only what is necessary Waiting for the patient to develop a stance toward the illness |
| Identifying the management method that utilizes patients’ strength | Identifying and utilizing patients’ strength for care management |
| Understanding and managing financial problems that develop from changes in the insurance system | Understanding financial problems associated with medical treatment Considerations and efforts toward increased share of the health care cost |