Changes in the Mood and Emotion of Elderly Day Care Users Undergoing Tapping Touch and Laughter Yoga Intervention : Table 4

Table 4: Changes in emotions using the VAS pre and post-intervention (laughter yoga).
a) Wilcoxon signed rank test, †: p < .10, b) after – before.

	Before		After		Z value ^a)	Amount of change ^b) M ± SD
	Median	Average	Median	Average	Z value ^a)	Amount of change ^b) M ± SD
Pain	0.00	2.00	2.00	2.61	-1.761†	0.61 ± 1.42
Anxiety	1.00	1.89	0.00	1.33	-1.300	-0.56 ± 1.71
Depression	1.00	2.39	0.00	2.39	0.000	0.00 ± 1.94
Tension	2.50	2.28	2.00	2.22	-0.171	-0.06 ± 1.27
Guilt, remorse	0.00	2.17	0.00	1.56	-1.625	-0.61 ± 1.50
Stress	3.00	3.56	3.00	3.39	-0.281	-0.17 ± 2.46