Changes in the Mood and Emotion of Elderly Day Care Users Undergoing Tapping Touch and Laughter Yoga Intervention : Table 2

Table 2: Changes in emotions using the VAS pre and post-intervention (tapping touch).
a) Wilcoxon signed rank test, *: p < .05, **: p <. 01, b) after – before.

	Before		After		Z value ^a)	Amount of change ^b) M ± SD
	Median	Average	Median	Average	Z value ^a)	Amount of change ^b) M ± SD
Pain	5.00	3.56	0.00	1.44	-2.716**	-2.11	±	2.56
Anxiety	4.00	3.22	0.00	1.67	-2.212*	-1.56	±	2.52
Depression	0.50	2.00	0.00	1.22	-1.544	-0.78	±	1.81
Tension	2.00	2.39	0.00	0.61	-2.716**	-1.78	±	2.15
Guilt, remorse	0.00	2.22	0.00	1.61	-0.718	-0.61	±	4.10
Stress	3.50	3.28	0.00	1.17	-2.972**	-2.11	±	2.13