Sick Child Care-related Needs According to the Type of Household -Single-Mother Households and Double-income Nuclear Families : Table 2

Table 2: Usage of sick child care N=145.
Due to missing values, the total number does not represent the total percentage for some items. a: Wilcoxon rank sum test, b: Fisher's exact test, c: Group using the care fee reduction system, d:Group not using the care fee reduction systems.

Indices	Items	Double-income nuclear family		Single-mother		P-value
		n=131		n=14
		Mean n	SD %	Mean n	SD %
valueUtilization days/time^a	(Mean,SD)	2.05	2.22	1.81	1.44	0.5517
Utilization hours/day^a	(Mean,SD)	8.41	1.60	8.86	0.89	0.6019
Utilization times/last year^a	(Mean,SD)	4.36	4.39	4.62	3.06	0.4168
Fees of one day(Yen)^a	0c	0	0	5	35.71	0.0243
	500^c	0	0	1	7.14
	1000^c	2	1.53	0	0
	1500^c	6	4.58	0	0
	2000^d	103	78.63	5	35.71
	2500^d	19	14.5	3	21.43
	2800^d	1	0.76	0	0
Age (Years old)^a	(Mean, SD)	2.48	1.8	2.71	1.73	0.4921
Gender^b	Boy	78	57.35	9	64.29	0.7783
Gender^b	Girl	58	42.65	5	35.71	0.7783
Diseases^b	Cold	76	58.46	6	46.15	0.2718
	Bronchitis or pneumonia	12	9.23	1	7.69
	Middle-ear infection	7	5.38	1	7.69
	Chickenpox	7	5.38	0	0
	Mumps	6	4.62	0	0
	Conjunctivitis	5	3.85	2	15.38
	Vomiting and diarrhea	4	3.08	0	0
	Hemolytic streptococcal infection	3	2.31	0	0
	Hand, foot and mouth disease	3	2.31	0	0
	Asthma	2	1.54	1	7.69
	Others	5	3.85	2	15.38
Reasons for using sick child care^b	I have no nearby relatives to look after my child.	78	60.47	10	71.43	0.5667
	I could have taken paid leave, but I was reluctant to do so.	72	55.81	6	42.86	0.4057
	I cannot bring my child to my workplace.	69	53.49	8	57.14	1
	No one at my workplace was able to do my work for me.	47	35.88	5	35.71	1
	I had work that had to be done on that day.	45	34.88	7	50	0.3804
	I was unable to take time off from work.	44	33.59	5	35.71	1
	I thought that it was better to leave my child in a facility specializing in caring for sick children.	22	16.79	4	28.57	0.2791
	I work on a part-time basis, and so my salary will be reduced if I take time off work.	16	12.21	4	28.57	0.1054
	My relatives were unable to look after my child, for reasons such as a disease or work.	18	13.74	4	28.57	0.2294
	I am concerned that I may be dismissed from work if I take time off.	9	6.87	4	28.57	0.0238
	I had no choice but to use sick child care for a reason other than work.	3	2.29	1	7.14	0.3368
	I was sick.	1	0.76	0	0	1
Others		5	3.82	2	14.29	0.1375
Tardy or early leave on job^b		94	72.31	10	71.43	1
Future usage^b		129	99.23	14	100	1