ICF component – personal factors | non-independent group (0–80 pts.) (n=79) | independent group (85–100 pts.) (n=265) | OR | 95% CI | p-value | ||
age (min. 70 – max. 97) | age in years mean (SD) | 84.95 (5.74) | 83 (±4,68) | .007 | |||
two age groups (70-79 years, 80(+) years) | age group (80(+) years) | 67 (87) | 207 (79.3) | 1.8 | 0.84 | 3.62 | .140 |
gender | female n (%) | 25 (31.6) | 79 (29.8) | 0.9 | 0.53 | 1.58 | .781 |
civil status (married vs. widowed, single, divorced, living with partner) | married n (%) | 29 (36.7) | 97 (36.6) | 1.0 | 0.60 | 1.69 | 1.00 |
children (yes/no) | children n (%) | 69 (88.5) | 220 (83) | 1.6 | 0.73 | 3.37 | .291 |
living arrangement (not living alone vs. living alone | not living alone | 54 (68.4) | 116 (43.8) | 2.8 | 1.63 | 4.73 | <.001 |
ICF component - activities | |||||||
SC IADL Index mean (SD), [min. – max.] | 2.34 (1.94), [0-7] | 6.08 (1.80), [0-8] | <.001 | ||||
SC IADL [0-7] | 79 (100) | 190 (72) | 1.4 | 1.31 | 1.53 | <.001 | |
ICF component - body functions | |||||||
health status | diagnosed diseases | 74 (93.7) | 201 (75.8) | 4.7 | 1.83 | 12.17 | .001 |
subjective assessment of cognitive & emotional health status n (%) | affected by diseases | 66 (89.2) | 132 (65.7) | 4.3 | 1.96 | 9.50 | <.001 |
fear | 30 (38.0) | 62 (23.4) | 2.0 | 1.17 | 3.43 | .014 | |
perception of difficulties concentrating | 41 (51.9) | 75 (28.4) | 2.7 | 1.62 | 4.56 | <.001 | |
perception of unexplainable sadness or depression | 28 (35.4) | 53 (20.2) | 2.2 | 1.25 | 3.77 | .005 | |
dissatisfaction with living | 4 (5.1) | 12 (4.5) | 1.1 | .35 | 3.59 | .768 | |
dissatisfaction with life | 12 (15.2) | 18 (6.8) | 2.5 | 1.12 | 5.33 | .021 | |
dissatisfaction with social contacts | 12 (15.2) | 26 (9.8) | 16.4 | 0.79 | 3.42 | .185 | |
dissatisfaction with general health status | 49 (62) | 64 (24.2) | 5.1 | 2.99 | 8.71 | <.001 | |
confident on the support of relatives, acquaintances or friends in case of an emergency | 79 (100) | 248 (93.9) | 1.3 | 1.24 | 1.40 | .028 | |
sleeping and pain n (%) | difficulties falling asleep | 30 (38) | 115 (43.4) | 0.8 | 0.48 | 1.34 | .392 |
difficulties sleeping through the night | 54 (68.4) | 138 (52.1) | 2.0 | 1.17 | 3.38 | .014 | |
pain | 60 (75.9) | 147 (55.5) | 2.5 | 1.43 | 4.48 | .002 | |
sleeping medication | 36 (45.6) | 101 (38.1) | 1.359 | 0.82 | 2.26 | .242 | |
intake of medication | 79 (100) | 248 (93.6) | 1.3 | 1.24 | 1.40 | .021 | |
motor performance n (%) | falls during the last year | 53 (67.1) | 110 (41.5) | 2.9 | 1.69 | 4.88 | <.001 |
insecurity when walking | 73 (92.4) | 164 (61.9) | 7.5 | 3.14 | 17.86 | <.001 | |
difficulties in climbing stairs | 75 (94.9) | 133 (50.2) | 18.6 | 6.62 | 52.34 | <.001 | |
physical inactivity on a regular basis of 30 minutes at a time | 46 (58.2) | 46 (17.4) | 6.6 | 3.83 | 11.49 | <.001 | |
need of a walking aid | 68 (86.1) | 125 (47.2) | 6.9 | 3.50 | 13.68 | <.001 | |
dyspnoea when going for a walk | 35 (44.3) | 87 (32.8) | 1.6 | .98 | 2.72 | .081 | |
dyspnoea at rest | 17 (21.5) | 27 (10.2) | 2.4 | 1.24 | 4.71 | .012 | |
dyspnoea at night | 12 (15.2) | 20 (7.5) | 2.2 | 1.02 | 4.72 | .048 | |
ICF component - participation | |||||||
participation n (%) no | meeting with friends, relatives | 11 (13.9) | 23 (8.7) | 1.7 | 0.79 | 3.67 | .197 |
no participation in group activities | 55 (69.6) | 153 (57.7) | 1.68 | 0.98 | 2.87 | .067 | |
not driving a car themselves | 77 (97.5) | 209 (78.9) | 10.3 | 2.46 | 43.30 | <.001 | |
unable to take phone calls | 31 (39.2) | 12 (4.5) | 13.6 | 6.53 | 28.38 | <.001 | |
no use of a wrist alarm button | 23 (29.1) | 59 (22.3) | 1.4 | 0.82 | 2.53 | .230 | |
ICF component – environmental factors | |||||||
care allowance levels n (%) | care allowance level 0 | 17 (21.5) | 166 (62.6) | <.001 | |||
care allowance level 1 | 7 (8.9) | 34 (12.8) | |||||
care allowance level 2 | 19 (24.1) | 44 (16.6) | |||||
care allowance level 3 | 14 (17.7) | 18 (6.8) | |||||
care allowance level 4 | 16 (20.3) | 2 (0.8) | |||||
care allowance level 5 | 4 (5.1) | 1 (0.4) | |||||
care allowance level 6 | 2 (2.5) | 0 (0) | |||||
care allowance level (1-6) | 62 (78.5) | 99 (37.4) | 6.1 | 3.39 | 11.05 | <.001 | |
utilization of household help provided by external institutions or on an informal basis (e.g. family, friends, experts of the health and social system) n (%) | 77 (97.5) | 178 (67.2) | 18.8 | 4.52 | 78.4 | <.001 | |
utilization of care provided by external institutions or on an informal basis (e.g. family, friends, experts of the health and social system) n (%) | 73 (92.4) | 69 (26) | 34.6 | 14.39 | 83.03 | <.001 |