Digital-Twin – How to Observe Changes and Trends on the Post-mining Areas? : Table 1

Table 1: Effects of mining activities with suggests methods of observation.

Effects of mining exploration	Methodology
Ground movements	Mine surveying Large scale satellite interferometry (e.g. Sentinel-1) Underground modelling Large scale multispectral analysis (e.g. Sentinel-2)
Geological faults at the surface	Mine surveying Large scale satellite interferometry (e.g. Sentinel-1) Underground modelling Large scale multispectral analysis (e.g. Sentinel-2) and local multispectral analysis (e.g. drone flights)
Change in the vegetation	Vegetation indicates on the basis of drones and satellite remote sensing (e.g. Sentinel 2, Landsat missions)
Polder areas	Water indicates on the basis satellite remote sensing (e.g. Sentinel 2, Landsat missions)
Documentation of damages of the building, street	mGIS