| Indirect Effect on Cardiovascular Function |
| Mild hypertension |
| Narrowed pulse pressure |
| High serum concentrations of cholesterol |
| High serum concentrations of creatinine kinase (specifically CK-MM) |
| Pericardial effusions |
| Non-Pitting edema (myxedema) |
| Cardiac arrhythmias (Torsade de pointes) |
| Accelerated atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease |
| Increased carotid intimal thickening |
| Impaired endothelial-dependent vasodilation |
| Direct Effect on Cardiovascular Function |
| Increase systemic vascular resistance |
| Decrease heart rate |
| Decrease ejection fraction |
| Decrease cardiac output |
| Increase isovolumetric relaxation time |
| Decrease blood volume |