Table 2: BAT-secreted factors with potential direct and/or indirect cardioprotective effects via modulation of systemic metabolism.
T3 = triiodothyronine, Nrg4 = Neuregulin 4, Il-6 = interleukin-6, FGF21= fibroblast growth factor 21, GFD15 = Growth and differentiation factor 15, 12,13-diHOME = 12,13-dihydroxy-9Z-octadecenoic acid.
BAT-Secreted Factor Systemic and Cardiovascular Actions Ref. #
T3 • Improves systemic metabolism
• Cardioprotective effect
• Chronotopic effect		 [35,36]
Nrg4 • Decreases insulin resistance
• Cardioprotective effect		 [37,38]
Il-6 • Improves systemic metabolism
• Acute cardioprotective effect
• Maladaptive remodeling (chronic effect)		 [39-41]
FGF21 • Improves systemic metabolism
• Anti-hypertrophic effect
• Cardioprotective effect in MI		 [39,42-44]
GDF15 • Improves systemic metabolism
• Cardioprotective in hypertrophy, I/R injury, atherosclerosis and acute inflammation		 [49-53]
12,13-diHOME • Increases fuel uptake in BAT and muscle
• Decreases post-ischemic recovery		 [55-57]