Table 1: Characteristic of the children.
Mean values ± standard error. Within the same row, mean values are significantly different (P < 0.05), if they don’t share the same alphabet (Student’s t- test).
Parameter All children (N = 24) Boys Girls Age < 6 years Age ≥ 6 years Norms
Age, mo 80.3 ± 2.8 80 ± 3.7 83 ± 4.6 51 ± 3.5 95.4 ± 1.34
HAZ -0.79 ± 0.18 0.1 ± 0.17b -1.8 ± 0.22a -1.05 ± 0.38a -1.82 ± 0.22a < 2.0
WAZ -0.20 ± 0.24 -0.17 ± 0.36 -0.23 ± 0.33 -1.0 ± 0.42 0.18 ± 0.25 < 2.0
WHZ 0.54 ± 0.31 -0.27 ± 0.43a 1.5 ± 0.18b -0.55 ± 0.64a 1.1 ± 0.24b < 2.0
BMR, kcal 973 ± 22 1017 ± 35 936 ± 29 783 ± 32 1071 ± 19
EI, kcal 910 ± 38 878 ± 50 946 ± 59 732 ± 46 993 ± 47
EI/ BMR 0.94 ± 0.04 0.88 ± 0.05 1.01 ± 0.06 1.0 ± 0.07 0.93 ± 0.04
HEI (maximum 100 points) 60.7 ± 1.4 61.3 ± 2.0 60.0 ± 2.0 57.7 ± 2.1 62.3 ± 1.8 80
Protein, g/d 37.5 ± 1.8 36.2 ± 2.5 39.0 ± 2.6 29.6 ± 2.6 41.2 ± 2.2b
Animal prot, g/d 19.2 ± 1.6 18.5 ± 2.3 20.0 ± 2.3 16.2 ± 2.5 20.6 ± 2.0
Fat, g/d 32.4 ± 1.6 30.1 ± 2.1 35.0 ± 2.3 30.0 ± 2.4 33.6 ± 2.0
Satur fat, g/d 17.7 ± 1.1 16.6 ± 1.4 19.0 ± 1.7 15.2 ± 2.0 18.8 ± 1.3
M+P unsat fat, g/d 14.7 ± 1.0 13.6 ± 1.4 16.0 ± 1.51 14.4 ± 1.4 14.8 ± 1.4
Protein ,% EI 16.7 ± 0.58 16.5 ± 0.78 16.8 ± 0.86 16.4 ± 1.2 16.8 ± 0.64
Animal prot,% EI 8.7 ± 0.66 8.6 ± 0.95 8.7 ± 0.93 9.1 ± 1.3 8.5 ± 0.77
Fat,% EI 32.5 ± 0.92 31.9 ± 1.51ab 32.3 ± 0.92ab 35.9 ± 1.2b 31.0 ± 1.15a
CHO% EI 50.8 ± 1.1 51.5 ± 1.7 49.9 ± 1.5 47.7 ± 2.0 52.2 ± 1.39
Vit A intake,% requirement 45 ± 4.6 42 ± 5.9 48.5 ± 7.3 50.2 ± 8.0 42.4 ± 5.7
Vit B1 intake,% requirement 72.4 ± 2.5 70.9 ± 3.6 74.1 ± 3.7 76.8 ± 4.2 70.2 ± 3.2
Vit B2 intake,% requirement 36.9 ± 3.7 40.4 ± 5.2 32.9 ± 5.1 37.6 ± 6.8 36.6 ± 4.4
Vit B6intaken, %requirement 55.9 ± 2.6 56.9 ± 3.2 54.7 ± 4.2 55.9 ± 2.6 49.1 ± 2.9
Vit B12 intake,% requirement 71.3 ± 3.4 74.9 ± 4.5ab 67.2 ± 5.2ab 84.1 ± 5.1b 65.0 ± 4.2a
Folate intake, % requirement 45.2 ± 2.2 43.6 ± 2.5ab 47.1 ± 3.7ab 54.1 ± 4.4 b 40.7 ± 2.2a
Vit C intake,% requirement 57.5 ± 4.1 59 ± 5.7 55.7 ± 6.1 55.6 ± 7.5 58.4 ± 5.0
Niacin intake ,% requirement 71.7 ± 2.7 72.6 ± 3.2 70.7 ± 4.6 77.5 ± 4.2 68.8 ± 3.5
Calcium intake,% requirement 57.3 ± 3.1 52.9 ± 4.1 62.5 ± 4.8 63 ± 5.8 54.4 ± 3.7
Zinc intake, % requirement 77.9 ± 2.7 79.9 ± 2.5 75.6 ± 2.9 81.9 ± 2.8 75.9 ± 2.6
Estimate average requirement,% 57.3 ± 3.1 59.3 ± 2.1b 58.7 ± 2.4b 65 ± 2.9b 56.0 ± 1.7a
Fecal total anaerobes, log10 / g 9.0 ± 0.01 9.0 ± 0.01 9.0 ± 0.02 9.0 ± 0.02 9.0 ± 0.01
Bacteroidespp, log10/g 6.1 ± 0.57 7.0 ± 0.57 5.3 ± 1.0 6.3 ± 0.9 5.9 ± 0.74
Bifido genus 7.8 ± 0.02 7.9 ± 0.02 7.8 ± 0.03 7.8 ± 0.02 7.9 ± 0.03
Enterobacteriaceae 6.5 ± 0.4 7.1 ± 0.07 5.8 ± 0.90 7.2 ± 0.1; 7 6.2 ± 0.6
Lactobacilli 8.1 ± 0.02 8.1 ± 0.03 8.1 ± 0.03 8.1 ± 0.03 8.1 ± 0.02
Yeasts+ moulds 4.1 ± 0.01 4.1 ± 0.02 4.1 ± 0.01 4.1 ± 0.02 4.1 ± 0.02
Fecal systemic IgA, mg/ g 3.4 ± 0.1 3.4 ± 0.12 3.4 ± 0.16 3.3 ± 0.1 3.4 ± 0.14
U-HPRO- I, mg/g Creat/ kg BW 2.3 ± 0.22ab 2.5 ± 0.3 2.1 ± 0.3a 3.4 ± 0.34b 1.8 ± 0.16a ≥ 2.5
U – TBA, mg/g Creat 139 ± 6.0 138 ± 10 139 ± 6.9 149 ± 9.6 133 ± 7.6