Table 4: Mean plasma carotenoids concentrations before and following the three week dietary intervention with thermally treated tomato juice.
Code Plasma carotenoid Control Tomato intervention P
Day 0 Day 21 Change, % Day 0 Day 21 Change, %
1 α – carotene, μmol/l 0.058±0.015 0.06 ±0.02 119.5±31.4 0.042±0.02 0.047±0.02 122.0±15.6
2 β – carotene, μmol/l 0.28± 0.08 0.27± 0.07 121.1±18 0.3± 0.06 0.31±0.06 112.6± 19.2
3 β – Cryptoxanthin, μmol/l 0.55± 0.05 0.54± 0.07 103.8±17.7 0.62±0.07 0.54±0.06 92.6±13.6
4 lutein/zeaxanthin, μmol/l 0.69± 0.06 0.73±0.09 110.9± 7.2 0.93±0.28 0.98±0.32 100.9±4.8
5 Lycopene, μmol/l 0.47±0.05 0.48±0.05 100.0±6.3 0.65±0.17 0.76±0.16 161.1±30.0 <0.1
6 Combine 1+2+3, μmol/l 0.89±0.05 0.87±0.05 0.96+0.05 0.90+ 0.05
7 Combined 4+5, μmol/l 1.16±0.05 1.21±0.07 1.58±0.22 1.66±0.24
8 Ratio row 7/6 1.30±0.05 1.39±0.06 6.9± 0.06 1.65± 0.13 1.82± 0.15 10.3± 0.15 <0.01