Table 1: Main chemical composition of coffee brews as a function of roasting and grinding levels.
Statistics: by the ANOVA 1-way, TSC have been not significantly different; pH and TA have been significantly different only for medium roasted coffee; AA and TPC have been significantly different for all the samples; C has been significantly different for dark regardless of the granulometry.
Roasting level Grinding level pH Total Solids Content (TSC) (g d.w./mL) Titratable acidity (TA) (mL NaOH/mL brew) Antioxidant activity (AA) (mg Trolox/mL) Total phenol content (TPC) (mg Gallic acid /mL Caffeine (C) (mg/mL)
Light Fine 5.5 ± 0.05 61.2 ± 3.1 2.56 ± 0.25 6.96 ± 0.4 24.21 ± 2.03 2.71 ± 0.04
Fine-Coarse 5.6 ± 0.04 51.2 ± 3.3 1.91 ± 0.17 10.7 ± 0.3 20.00 ± 1.26 2.61 ± 0.03
Coarse 5.6 ± 0.06 52.3 ± 3.8 1.79 ± 0.07 11.5 ± 0.2 17.3 ± 1.16 2.64 ± 0.02
Medium Fine 5.1 ± 0.06 63.5 ± 1.6 4.88 ± 0.89 9.76 ± 0.3 20.7 ± 0.73 2.81 ± 0.03
Fine-Coarse 5.1 ± 0.02 55.6 ± 3.7 4.73 ± 0.29 10.7 ± 0.3 19.5 ± 1.35 2.78 ± 0.04
Coarse 5.1 ± 0.06 52.1 ± 1.6 3.96 ± 0.41 12.1 ± 0.2 17.3 ± 2.48 2.73 ± 0.1
Dark Fine 5.7 ± 0.07 51 ± 1.8 2.49 ± 0.18 13.5 ± 0.2 14 ± 0.59 2.86 ± 0.01
Fine-Coarse 5.7 ± 0.07 61.8 ± 2.7 2.82 ± 0.67 12.7 ± 0.2 15.6 ± 0.59 2.99 ± 0.02
Coarse 5.7 ± 0.08 51 ± 4 2.41 ± 0.16 12.9 ± 0.1 14.5 ± 0.58 2.97 ± 0.16