| No surgery (n = 60) | Bariatric surgery (n=179) | |
| Females (%) | 86.7% | 87.7% |
| Age (years) | 41.3 ± 9.9 | 43.1 ± 10.3 |
| Weight (kg) | 114.3 ± 18.4 | 93.6 ± 17.5 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 44.3 ± 5.9 | 36.5 ± 6.4 |
| BF (%) | 48.9 ± 5.5 | 42.4 ± 6.7 |
| WC (cm) | 119 ± 14.6 | 106.4 ± 14.4 |
| 25(OH)D3 (ng/mL) | 15.2 ± 7.8 | 20.6 ± 11.8 |
| Weight loss (kg) | - | 23.7 ± 13.1 |
| BMI reduction (kg/m2) | - | 9.2 ± 5.0 |